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We have no relationship or control over unaffiliated websites. These websites might collect personal data about you, and you should review the privacy policies of such other websites to see how they treat your personal data. We also share personal data or data in order to meet any applicable law, regulation, legal process or enforceable governmental request, investigate violations and enforce policies, detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, protect against harm to the rights, property or safety of our users or the public, protect your vital interests or the vital interests of another natural person; and where disclosure is necessary for establishment, exercise or defense of legal claims or where there is reasonable belief that disclosure is required by law or regulations.

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For instance, you can:. Your data rights for personal data you submit to our Customers. Upon making your personal data available to an employer our Customer , your personal data may be controlled by our Customer. For these reasons, we are not in a position to directly handle data requests for personal data controlled by Customers.

You should contact the Customer regarding personal data they may hold about you and to exercise any data rights you may have. We will cooperate with such inquiry in line with applicable law and our contractual obligations with the Customer.

If you are a California resident, you have the additional data rights listed below. You can exercise some of these rights by utilizing the prompts within messages we send you within your account settings, or within the privacy settings on our web pages. Otherwise, you are also able to exercise these rights by contacting our support team using the privacy support emails listed at the end of this Policy. Please note, if we cannot verify your identity we may deny certain data right requests.

You can print a copy of your Profile personal data using your web browser and download your attachments at any time by logging into your account and following the download process. Any further data access requests can be directed to us at the privacy support emails listed at the end of this Policy. We do not sell personal data in the traditional sense without an express consumer opt in.

You may submit a request to opt-out by clicking: Do not sell my information , by closing your Access account if you have one, or you may submit a request to us via email at: privacy neogov.

To the extent you had previously opted in to sharing your information by signing up for an Access membership and you later opt out, your data will still be available solely with respect to the communications with prospective employers initiated through your Access membership prior to opt-out. We allow select companies to place tracking technologies like cookies on our sites, which allow those companies to receive information about your activity on our Services.

The companies may use that data to serve you more relevant ads on our sites or others. California consumers have a right to opt-out of these sales. You have control over whether these technologies work on your devices. You have the right to request deletion of your data unless an exception applies.

Upon a verified and permissible request where no exception applies, we will delete your personal data where we are a controller, and instruct applicable service providers to do the same. You may request that we delete your personal data by closing your job seeker account if you have one, or you may submit a request to delete via email at: privacy neogov. California Civil Code Section To make such a request please send a letter to: Governmentjobs.

Please note Governmentjobs is not required to respond to requests made by means other than through the provided mail address. A sale under Nevada law is the exchange of personal data for monetary consideration. We do not currently sell personal data as defined under Nevada law.

If you want to submit a request relating to our compliance with Nevada law, please contact us at the privacy support emails listed at the end of this Policy.

Our Customers use our Services to post job opportunities, evaluate job applicants, manage their human resource activities, and train their workforce. In conducting these activities, the Customer maintains control over what personal data is collected, how it is used, how long it is retained, and who it is disclosed to.

In other instances, such as when we use cookies or contact you about our Services, we will determine the means and purpose of processing. Data subjects in Europe whose personal data we receive through appropriate safeguards have legal rights to determine whether we hold personal data about them, to access personal data we hold about them, and to obtain its correction, update, amendment, or deletion in appropriate circumstances.

In particular, your rights may include:. Some of these rights may be subject to exception and limitation. In any case, we will respond to your request to exercise these rights within a reasonable time but no later than within 30 days of receiving a request.

To request to exercise your rights, you may contact us at any of the privacy support emails listed at the end of this Policy. Some of the rights are complex, and you should read the relevant laws and guidance from the regulatory authorities for a full explanation of these rights. If you visited our website and you want to exercise any of the above rights please contact our support team or privacy team at the contacts listed herein.

If your request is for the right to be forgotten as it relates to our use of cookies, you can achieve this by clearing the cookies in your browser settings. For personal data subject to the European Union General Data Protection Regulation and ePrivacy Directive, we rely on multiple legal bases for processing, including:.

In certain cases, we ask you for your consent to process your personal data, for instance, for certain marketing purposes. You can withdraw your consent at any time; however, this will not affect the lawfulness of the processing before your consent was withdrawn. You can withdraw your consent by using the prompts within the messages you receive, the settings within your account, or by contacting our support using any of the privacy support emails listed at the end of this Policy.

Legitimate Interest. We process certain personal data for our legitimate interests. These legitimate interests include contacting you to provide support or sending you marketing information subject to applicable law ; detecting, preventing, and investigating illegal activities and potential security issues; and maintaining and improving our Services.

We will balance our interests, the purpose and necessity of processing, and the rights and risks to you before we process for legitimate interests. Performance of a Contract We process personal data to perform our obligations under an agreement with you or our Customers. For example, we use payment information you provide when you purchase a Service. Other Legal Bases. In some cases, we may have a legal obligation to process your personal data, such as in response to a court or regulator order.

We also may need to process your personal data to protect vital interests, or to exercise, establish, or defend legal claims. We use an automated chat bot within some of our Services to screen your requests and questions. The purpose of the automated chat bot is to fulfill frequently asked questions provided by our users, tag the requests and questions to route to our most appropriate contact, and improve our responses and Services.

The chat bot is not fully automated and will not have a legal or significant impact on you. For personal data transferred from the European Union, the United Kingdom, or Switzerland, we will provide appropriate safeguards, such as through use of standard contractual clauses. We comply with the EU-U. Privacy Shield Framework and the Swiss-U.

Privacy Shield Framework as set forth by the U. Department of Commerce regarding the collection, use, and retention of personal data from European Union member countries, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland transferred to the United States pursuant to Privacy Shield. We have certified that we adhere to the Privacy Shield Principles with respect to such personal data. If there is any conflict between the policies in this Policy and data subject rights under the Privacy Shield Principles, the Privacy Shield Principles shall govern personal data processed in reliance on Privacy Shield.

We will use appropriate safeguards to comply with the judgement issued by the Court of Justice of the European Union on July 16, declaring the EU-U. Privacy Shield Framework as invalid. We will provide an individual opt-out choice, or opt-in for sensitive data, before we share your sensitive data with third parties other than our agents, or before we use it for a purpose other than which it was originally collected or subsequently authorized.

To request to limit the use and disclosure of your personal data, please submit a written request to privacy governmentjobs. In certain situations, we may be required to disclose personal data in response to lawful requests by public authorities, including to meet national security or law enforcement requirements.

Where we rely on Privacy Shield Principles for onward transfers of personal data from the EU, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland, including the onward transfer liability provisions, we remain responsible under the Privacy Shield Principles for third-party agents processing personal data on our behalf.

Where we receive personal data under the Privacy Shield and then transfers it to a service provider acting as agent, we have certain liability under the Privacy Shield if both i the agent processes the personal data in a manner inconsistent with the Privacy Shield principles and ii we our responsible for the event giving rise to the damage. With respect to personal data received or transferred pursuant to the Privacy Shield Framework, we our subject to the investigatory and enforcement powers of the U.

Federal Trade Commission. In compliance with the Privacy Shield Principles, we commit to resolve complaints about your privacy and our collection or use of your personal data transferred in reliance on Privacy Shield to the United States pursuant to Privacy Shield. European Union and Swiss individuals with Privacy Shield inquiries or complaints should first contact us by email at privacy governmentjobs.

This service is provided free of charge to you. If your Privacy Shield complaint cannot be resolved through the above channels, under certain conditions, you may invoke binding arbitration for some residual claims not resolved by other redress mechanisms.

We implement physical, technical, and administrative safeguards designed to maintain data accuracy, integrity, and security, prevent unauthorized access, and facilitate correct use of personal data.

Our security measures take into account the risk of harm to you and Customers, as well as the availability of technology, industry common practices, effectiveness of mitigation controls, and the sustainability of those controls by us. Although we maintain the controls listed herein, transmission of data is not without risk and we complete security of your personal data cannot be guaranteed. Please note, you are responsible for keeping your login credentials secret at all times, including your username and password.

In the event we believe the security of your personal data in our possession or control may be compromised, we may seek to notify you by e-mail and you consent to our use of e-mail as a means of such notification.

For personal data we determine the purposes for and means by which it is processed, such personal data will not be kept for longer than necessary for the original purpose of collection, when no longer relevant, or upon permissible request. When the original purpose no longer exists, we will either delete or anonymize, or de-identify your personal data subject to applicable law or, if this is not possible, we will securely store your personal data until deletion is possible.

Your personal data will be appropriately disposed in a manner designed to ensure it cannot be reconstructed or read. If you are a job applicant, after your account has been closed, we may retain Platform Data as permitted by law. Where our Customer is the controller of your personal data, our retention policies and procedures are designed to allow Customers to comply with their own record retention requirements. If you are a job applicant that deletes your profile with us, your personal data will be removed, anonymized, or de-identified with our job applicant database; however, your data may persist within the applications you previously submit to our Customers until Customer disposal.

Job applicants should contact the Customer they sent the application to if they seek enforcement of eligible data rights in that application. These Services are not directed at children under the age of thirteen 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal data from children under the age of thirteen If we become aware that we have inadvertently received personal data from a person under the age of thirteen 13 , we will delete the personal data from our records.

If you believe that we have collected personal data from a child under 13 without parental consent, you may report this to us using any of the privacy support emails listed at the end of this Policy. If you are a California resident under 18 years old, you have the right to remove personal data you have posted to our Services.

We will use reasonable efforts to remove such personal data in compliance with the law and our other obligations stated herein. We do not sell the personal data of consumers we actually know are less than 16 years of age, unless we receive affirmative authorization from either the consumer who is at least 13 but not yet 16 years of age, or the parent or guardian of a consumer less than 13 years of age.

Postal Service job. If you've served in the military and want to find a federal job, check out FedsHireVets. It has information on:. Uses Schedule A , a non-competitive hiring process. It's faster and easier than the competitive process.

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In mid-October , approximately officers and men of the battalion left the comparatively warm confines of Rhode Island and deployed to McMurdo Station, 11, miles away. While the bulk of personnel worked at McMurdo, on November 9th the first team of eleven Seabees arrived at the South Pole to begin work on preparing the dome and station foundations. While ideal for the Alps, the machine was highly problematic in Antarctica. Work commenced for the dome foundation on Nov.

Actual processing of the dome pad began on Jan. Undeterred, the equipment operators managed to coax the machine along, operating it 24 hours a day when functional to process a foundation pad 6 feet 8 inches in depth before work ended with yet another the breakdown of the PSM on Feb. With the snow base partially complete, Seabee builders and steelworkers began to construct the dome on Dec.

Critical to the safety and structural integrity of any dome is the base ring. The snow at the South Pole presented a major difficulty as the foundation could not be permanently anchored. Upon the compacted snow the Seabees placed 68 timber footings using a crane to emplace them in a trench cut by the PSM beginning on Jan.

The Seabees then began bolting the base ring components to the footings, but as the ring began to take shape the men noticed distortion. This necessitated the removal of all the bolts and the repositioning of components to maintain the proper radius.

Consulting with Temcor, who had assembled the dome in California to ensure everything fit correctly, the team at the pole learned the company did not complete and close the base ring in their tests. The company engineers thereby missed the accumulation of error in their measurements. Undaunted, the Seabees disassembled the ring, cut pieces where necessary, and managed to complete the base ring without further delay. After much shimming and adjustment, the steelworkers began to attach the vertical members of the dome to the base ring.

The assembly teams employed a system of hydraulic power units and guns to install the fasteners. Prior to deploying, a civilian technical representative assured the Seabees that reservoir heaters would permit the system to work in the polar environment.

When the equipment arrived in Antarctica, however, the heaters were missing. In the high altitude, the pressure settings on the hydraulics compounded the failure of the guns to cycle, and when necessity warranted hand tools the extreme cold caused hammers and wrenches to literally snap in half.

Returning to the South Pole in November to complete the dome, NMCB 71 came prepared with a wealth of lessons learned from the previous season. With the base ring in place and problems with the Huck fastener system solved, albeit thanks to healthy dose of preventative maintenance, the frame of aluminum members and gusset plates quickly rose aloft into the polar sky.

While other teams of the man detail worked to erect the Wonder Arch structures and a small Seabee camp, the dome crew made steady progress.

By the start of December, the first three rows of triangles were installed on the base. Just after Christmas the Seabees commenced skinning the base triangles and assembling the top rings of the dome.

As new triangle sections were assembled and added to the top ring, the Seabees could winch the top of the dome upwards to make room for additional sections. By the start of January , the Seabees lifted the entire top of the dome to its apex and fastened it to the completed lower section, completing the frame on January 4.

The last few skin panels were installed, completing dome assembly on Jan. Without question, the dome immediately became the symbol of the station, and arguably the South Pole itself. With the dome complete, attention turned to completing the remaining station structures. Returning in November , a man NMCB 71 detail finished construction of all the Wonder Arch structures, four station buildings, and two towers. On Feb. By Feb. By , the sliding of the Antarctic polar ice cap threatened the dome.

Loud noises heard that year by station residents turned out to be cracked and broken beams along the base ring caused by ice movement. Looming adjacent to the new facility stood the dome, partially buried by snowdrifts. Two years later, the dome was carefully dismantled, packed, and shipped to Naval Base Ventura County.

Navy Seabee Museum as a center piece of an exhibit about the Antarctic Seabees. Fittingly, the American flag adorns the top of the dome inside the museum, just as it flew over the South Pole for 24 years. Considering engineers only expected the dome to last at most a decade, the Seabee stations proved capable in one of the most inhospitable places on Earth. Search Home About. By Gina Nichols, Supervisory Archivist By now, we know why the Seabees were created, but in creating a new type of fighting force acam a new challenge: How does the Navy equip the men that provide materiel to the fleet?

How do you supply the fleet? Frank A. Blazich, Jr. Northerly view of Lease No. By May , the Standard Dredging Company broke through the sand dunes and deposits of sediment that lay between the harbor and open sea.

The harbor officially complete construction by 4 July , but the opening ceremonies were held the 5th and 6th. The idea for building a port was the direct result of a coastal exploration by Thomas Bard in Bard had learned of a strong offshore underground aquifer flow of fresh water creating a deep-water trough called Hueneme Canyon.

The canyon came within feet of the proposed channel saving millions on dredging costs and keeps the channel free from sediment. The main warehouse building at the Hueneme wharf, 21 March Anti-aircraft warfare training on the beaches at Point Mugu, Live firing exercises were conducted on the beaches of Oxnard and Port Hueneme.

This live fire and searchlight training over the ocean continued until the end of the war. BM2c R. Babbitt, a member of the Shore Patrol, regulates departure of the late liberty busses, 14 September The bus service enabled men on the base — whether on business, liberty or leave — to catch a bus every half hour eliminating the hitchhiking method of traveling between the base and Ventura or Oxnard. Seabees, in the spirit of the Marines, begin military training.

To avoid traffic accidents, MM3c W. Benney, cautions military personnel on liberty against hitchhiking in town limits, 14 September The major purpose of the Shore Patrol was to assist and protect military personnel ashore during off-duty hours. Each man of the Patrol was well acquainted with the area and gave valuable information such as directions and general assistance.

The Shore Patrol also handled authentic complaints of military personnel and protected the servicemen when on liberty. Members of the 34th Naval Construction Battalion construct a timber pile bridge over the Teneru River on Guadalcanal using native lumber, July 10, Armorers of the 34th Naval Construction Battalion at work in the battalion armory, here cleaning and inspecting M Springfield rifles. African Americans constituted the majority of personnel in a total of fifteen Seabee Specials during the war.

Seabee divers from the 34th Naval Construction Battalion work on a marine railway using improvised diving equipment, Gavutu, Solomon Islands, November 8, The 80th Naval Construction Battalion at work at Edinburgh Field, Trinidad construction a steel lighter-than-air hangar, November 30, MM1c J. Weaver of Martinsburg, WV at the controls of a Seabee dozer. Weaver rose from Seaman to Petty Officers in 20 months with the 34th Naval Construction Battalion, earning the most promotion of any member during its first deployment in the Pacific.

The Specials integrated in the latter stages of the war in the Pacific, some of the first full-integrated units in the Navy. Photo taken May 28, at Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. John Island. The Seabees involved in Project Tektite I bore responsibility not only for the launch and recovery of the underwater habitat, but also construction of the support barge, base camp, and other facilities for the two month research and experiment phase.

Source: U. Navy Seabee Museum. The Project Tektite I habitat. The Project Tektite I habitat, consisting of essentially two vertical steel cylinders attached to a rectangular steel base.

Each cylinder contained two large compartments for the crew, control, research, and diving. The official emblem of Project Tektite I. By Dr. The cataclysmic lateral eruption of Mount Pinatubo, June 15, This photo was taken moments after the eruption commenced.

Volcanic ash covered Clark Air Base, including these abandoned automobiles, seen June 16, Naval Station Subic Bay, July 8, , still covered in ash. Seabees were already on the ground kicking ash, but the enormity of the task would require a concerted team effort. Seabees at Subic Bay on and also at Cubi Point used a combination here of a front loader and a bulldozer to create berms of ash slurry before pushing it off to collection points for disposal.

After the closing of the base, the plaque returned to Port Hueneme and resides in the U. With a force of With torches, hand tools, and front end loaders, Seabees dismantled and demolished some structures or repaired the roofs of others. Diagnosed at birth with spinal tuberculosis, Jimmie knew very little of the world outside of hospitals and his family home Young Jimmie Carrick on the shoulders of the Seabees after formally becoming their mascot.

If the Seabees can fight and win, I can too. Why be a Seabee if you cannot win? Jimmie Carrick Slowly, Jimmie made progress. Jimmie and his terrier Can Do enjoying a bike ride in his neighborhood. Newspaper article of Jimmie winning Kid of the Year.

Letter from Jimmie to Rear Admiral J. Bureau of Yards and Docks commendation letter to Jimmie Carrick. The only known photograph of Seaman 2nd Class Lawrence C. Henderson Field is marked with a star, and the Presidential Unit Citation from service on Guadalcanal is shown at the top.

The view looks roughly northwest, with the Lunga River running across the upper portion of the image. Several planes are parked to the left, and numerous bomb and shell craters are visible.

A Seabee scans the skies by Henderson Field in his protected foxhole in fall Imahashi and his two wingmen descended down to an altitude of only a few hundred feet south of the field. Aligning with the runway at Henderson Field, the three A6M2 Zero fighters commenced strafing as they came over the jungle. Meyer was located to the southeast of the field, marked with a blue asterisk. The locations are approximate only. The Silver Star citation read at the presentation ceremony declared: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity during action against enemy Japanese forces in the Solomon Islands, October 3, Jacobs, Chief of the Bureau of Naval Personnel far right.

The colors, bearing the signs of battle, fly proudly over Henderson Field, November 12, Doying, Thistle left a tractor tilling up soil on Guadalcanal to return to Efate for pounds of seeds and equipment. Doying, Shortly after the assault on the Marianas the FEA began plans to cultivate soil for farmland. Commander in Chief, US Pacific Fleet, 20 October The administration for the farm projects in the Pacific Ocean Areas was the responsibility of the armed forces, with technical assistance from the FEA, who worked as a team to grow the needed food.

Hydroponic Farming The Navy continues to explore ways to provide fresh fruits and vegetables to sailors around the world and under the sea. Doying, George , June. Leatherneck Magazine. Vaudell reading a letter sent to him by year old Debbie Bishop of Cincinnati, Ohio, thanking him for his services in Vietnam.

She enclosed a small metal heart as a token of good luck and a wish for a safe return. For many Vietnamese orphans, these were the first toys they ever owned. Santa Claus arrives! Commander W. The battalion made Hope an honorary Seabee, and could not help but poke a little fun at the entertainer in a way they knew he would enjoy. For all servicemen deployed to the Republic of Vietnam during the holiday season, those fortunate to attend the Bob Hope Christmas Show formed memories that lasted a lifetime.

At this point the station was 85 percent complete. The processed, milled snow foundation and trench for the timber footings can be seen. The base ring is complete, and the first sections of the dome are seen in place. Failure of the Huck fastener hydraulic tools greatly delayed the assembly. Returning to the dome, November 18, Snow has already started to accumulate since construction was halted in February.

The machine proved ornery with the high altitude and extreme polar cold. As can be seen, when the Huck fastener equipment functioned properly, work moved swiftly. Theoretical Chemistry. Computer Science. Artificial Intelligence. Audio Processing. Computer Architecture and Logic Design. Game Studies. Human-Computer Interaction. Image Processing.

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Operations Management. Organizational Theory and Behaviour. Pensions and Pension Management. Public and Nonprofit Management. Social Issues in Business and Management. Strategic Management. Supply Chain Management. Criminology and Criminal Justice. Criminal Justice. Forms of Crime. An initiative that ruled out race, sex, ethnicity, or national origin as criteria for preferring any group. A resort project on the White River in northern Arkansas that the Clintons invested in that turned out to be a fraud and a failure.

A Republican who was appointed to serve as independent counsel in the Whitewater case. The driving of people from their homes and towns, burning villages, murdering males, raping females, and displacing hundreds of thousands people. A television commentator and former White House aide who challenged Bush in the Republican primary.

Note: There is no definition in the chapter, although referred to several times. Supreme Court case that determined the winner of the disputed presidential election. Kaizen method, implemented in Romania, too, has brought to people satisfaction and more money in their pocket. Due to their origin in Japanese organisations, and their embeddedness in Japanese context, applicability of.

Kaizen , or continuous improvement, lies at the core of lean. We analysed structured kaizen documents containing improvement suggestions that were produced by employees at a Swedish hospital. There is a need to combine kaizen practices with improvement and innovation practices that help staff and managers to address complex issues, such as the improvement of clinical care processes.

Kaizen implementation and other continuous improvement practices can be used by companies to lower manufacturing costs and increase product value. Kaizen activities are one way that wood products companies can increase their competitiveness. Being able to measure the effectiveness of Kaizen events is important to factors that contribute to Kaizen effectiveness as well as identifying the success of Kaizen implementation.

However, little research has focused on the implementation of Kaizen and Application of kaizen methodology to foster departmental engagement in quality improvement. The Toyota Production System, also known as Lean, is a structured approach to continuous quality improvement that has been developed over the past 50 years to transform the automotive manufacturing process.

In recent years, these techniques have been successfully applied to quality and safety improvement in the medical field. One of these techniques is kaizen , which is the Japanese word for "good change. Kaizen adds an additional "human element" that all stakeholders, not just management, must be involved in such change. Because of the small size of the changes involved in a kaizen event and the inherent focus on human factors and change management, a kaizen event can serve as good introduction to continuous quality improvement for a radiology department.

Published by Elsevier Inc. Kaizen : a method of process improvement in the emergency department. Recent position statements from health care organizations have placed a strong emphasis on continuous quality improvement CQI. CQI finds many of its roots in kaizen , which emphasizes small, low-cost, low-risk improvements. Based on the successful Kaizen Programs at organizations such as Toyota, the authors thought the emergency department ED would be an ideal environment to benefit from such a program.

The authors sought to create a CQI program using a suggestion-based model that did not require a large time commitment, was easy to implement, and had the potential to empower all physicians in the department. It would not take the place of other improvement efforts, but instead augment them.

The hypothesis was that such a program would foster sustainable engagement of emergency physicians in system improvement efforts and lead to a continuous stream of low-cost implementable system improvement interventions. A CQI program was created for the physician staff of the Department of Emergency Medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, focusing on a suggestion-based model using kaizen philosophy.

Lectures teaching kaizen philosophy were presented. Over the past 4 years, a methodology was developed utilizing a Web-based application, the Kaizen Tracker, which aids in the submission and implementation of suggestions that are called kaizen initiatives KIs.

The characteristics of the KIs submitted, details regarding resident and faculty participation, and the effectiveness of the Kaizen Tracker were retrospectively reviewed. There were , , and KIs placed in the postimplementation calendar years , , and , respectively. Seventy-six percent of KIs submitted thus far have identified a "process problem. Sixty-nine percent of the.

Kaizen planning, implementing and controlling. This book reports a literature review on kaizen , its industrial applications, critical success factors, benefits gained, journals that publish about it, main authors research groups and universities.

Kaizen is treated in this book in three stages: planning, implementation and control. The authors provide a questionnaire designed with activities in every stage, highlighting the benefits gained in each stage. The study has been applied to more than managers and leaders in continuous improvement in Mexican maquiladoras. A univariate analysis is provided to the activities in every stage. Moreover, structural equation models associating those activities with the benefits gained are presented for a statistical validation.

Such a relationship between activities and benefits helps managers to identify the most important factor affecting their benefits and financial income.

Since Masaaki 'mai coined the term Kaizen in the mid eighties it has been regarded as a key element in the competitiveness of Japanese companies. However, even though Kaizen was defined by the author who created the term, writings by scholars and practitioners in the field exhibit a certain degree of ambiguity and inconsistency.

Finally, there is a clear need to develop this theory in the field of operations management. Kaizen in the academic and practitioner literature in order to better understand it and further explore and contribute to its potential theoretical profile.

A literature review was carried out using Kaizen as a search term. Various databases were used for this. Kaizen : The Search for Quality. The Japanese concept of Kaizen continuous improvement may be applied to higher education institutions.

Focus is on improvement of the products produced, the process by which they are delivered, and the people involved in the products and the process.

The purpose of this study was to calculate the cost savings associated with using the kaizen approach in our hospital. Originally developed in Japan, the kaizen approach, based on the idea of continuous improvement, has considerable support in North America, including in the Quebec health care system.

This study assessed the first fifteen kaizen projects at the CHUS. Based on an economic evaluation, we showed that using the kaizen approach can result in substantial cost savings. The success of the kaizen approach requires compliance with specific prerequisites. The future of the approach will depend on our ability to comply with these prerequisites.

More specifically, such compliance will determine whether the approach is merely a passing fad or a strategy for improving our management style to promote greater efficiency. In order to survive and maintain competitive advantages in a specific market, an enterprise needs to continuously improve the level of its products' quality by using appropriate technologies, systematically increase productivity and shorten lead time.

Kaizen is a significant and recognized management philosophy that can help enterprises achieve these goals, no matter what their products are. Since the concept of Kaizen was definitively put forward by Imai Masaki in , Kaizen management has Using kaizen to improve employee well-being: Results from two organizational intervention studies.

Participatory intervention approaches that are embedded in existing organizational structures may improve the efficiency and effectiveness of organizational interventions, but concrete tools are lacking. In the present article, we use a realist evaluation approach to explore the role of kaizen , a lean tool for participatory continuous improvement, in improving employee well-being in two cluster-randomized, controlled participatory intervention studies.

Case 1 is from the Danish Postal Service, where kaizen boards were used to implement action plans. The results of multi-group structural equation modeling showed that kaizen served as a mechanism that increased the level of awareness of and capacity to manage psychosocial issues, which, in turn, predicted increased job satisfaction and mental health.

Case 2 is from a regional hospital in Sweden that integrated occupational health processes with a pre-existing kaizen system. Multi-group structural equation modeling revealed that, in the intervention group, kaizen work predicted better integration of organizational and employee objectives after 12 months, which, in turn, predicted increased job satisfaction and decreased discomfort at 24 months.

The findings suggest that participatory and structured problem-solving approaches that are familiar and visual to employees can facilitate organizational interventions. The role of kaizen in creating radical performance results in a logistics service provider. Full Text Available Background: This study investigates the role of an incremental change in organizational process in creating radical performance results in a service provider company.

The role of Kaizen is established prominently in manufacturing, but is nascent in service applications. This study examines the impact of introducing Kaizen as an ODI tool-how it is applied, how it works, and whether participants believe it helps service groups form more effective working relationships that result in significant performance improvements.

Methods: Exploring the evolving role of Kaizen in service contexts, this study explores a variety of facets of human communication in the context of continuous improvement and teamwork inter-organizationally. The paper consists of an archival study and an action research case study. A pre-intervention study consisting of observations, interviews, and submission of questionnaires to employees of a manufacturing and air-sea freight firm was conducted. A Kaizen intervention occurred subsequently, and a post-intervention study was then conducted.

Conclusions: Findings offer unique insights into the effects of Kaizen in creating radical performance improvements in a service company and its customer. Both qualitative and quantitative results of business, satisfaction, and productivity suggest time invested in introducing Kaizen into a service organization helps the companies improve relationships and improve the bottom line dramatically.

Quick and continuous improvement through kaizen blitz. It is our objective to provide you with a step-by-step approach to conducting a kaizen blitz within two days and describe how to achieve dramatic performance improvement with employee buy-in through this process. Kaizen blitz has been used dozens of times by the authors, and in some instances the same area has been blitzed as many as four times, with significant improvements each and every time.

Employees have even taken it on themselves to conduct informal blitzes as a continuing improvement effort after a formal blitz has been conducted in their area. Blitzes can succeed in a variety of environments. The morning after the employees of one company attended this presentation, they self initiated a mini-blitz and discovered opportunities for improvement that they enthusiastically presented to management.

Applying Lean principles and Kaizen rapid improvement events in public health practice. This case study describes a local home health and hospice agency's effort to implement Lean principles and Kaizen methodology as a rapid improvement approach to quality improvement. The agency created a cross-functional team, followed Lean Kaizen methodology, and made significant improvements in scheduling time for home health nurses that resulted in reduced operational costs, improved working conditions, and multiple organizational efficiencies.

Kaizen : a process improvement model for the business of health care and perioperative nursing professionals. Kaizen is a proven management technique that has a practical application for health care in the context of health care reform and the Institute of Medicine landmark report on the future of nursing. Compounded productivity is the unique benefit of kaizen , and its principles are change, efficiency, performance of key essential steps, and the elimination of waste through small and continuous process improvements.

The kaizen model offers specific instruction for perioperative nurses to achieve process improvement in a five-step framework that includes teamwork, personal discipline, improved morale, quality circles, and suggestions for improvement. Rapid-fire improvement with short-cycle kaizen. Continuous improvement is an attractive idea, but it is typically more myth than reality.

SCK is no myth. It delivers dramatic improvements in traditional measures quickly. SCK accomplishes this via kaizens : rapid, repeated, time-compressed changes for the better in bite-sized chunks of the business. Affecting the value chain through supplier kaizen. In the aerospace industry, typically 60 percent of a product's cost and 70 percent of the lead time are due to purchased material. To affect price and customer responsiveness, improvement initiatives must be extended into the supply chain.

Many companies have developed supply base management systems that include long-term agreements with suppliers, partnering with suppliers in risk taking and product design, information sharing, and quality and delivery rating systems. The premise is that suppliers are an extension of the factory. But to take full advantage of customer-supplier relationships, the suppliers must be "developed" in the same manner as a manufacturing unit.

Supplier kaizen is a method of bringing suppliers to the same level of operations as the parent company, through training and improvement projects, to ensure superior performance and nurture the trust that is required for strong partnerships. This article describes Sikorsky Aircraft's use of kaizen to improve its supply base management.

Full Text Available Abstract: The paper discuss and study about Kaizen principle, that is Japanese culture principle and its quality have to attest and aims to point of successfully both individual and group also.

The influence of national level factors on international kaizen transfer: an exploratory study in the Netherlands. Purpose: The purpose of this research study was to examine the international transfer of kaizen or continuous improvement.

The central research question was formulated as: what national level factors influence the transfer of kaizen , and how? Every customer preference is different but yet important. The global market is shifting rapidly, organizations are needed to continuously identify new opportunity to obtain competitive advantages. Literature suggested that manufacturing companies are needed to differentiate themselves through emphasize on quality and continuous improvement in product and services as a crucial part to secure and success in the future.

Therefore, a proper continuous improvement Kaizen practice is needed to eliminate waste and value added in production to remain competitiveness and retained the potential customer. Besides that, researcher also less emphasized on mediator in previous work. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to recommend the relationship between TQM and business performance with a mediator's effect of Kaizen. This proposed model attempt to create knowledge to both academician and company players to acquire a better understanding among the TQM and Kaizen practices.

Output maximization is taken as the objective function to identify the percentage scope of improvements. The data is collected by paying personal visits to the selected industries for three inputs manpower, maintenance, and training of employees and two outputs quality, on-time delivery of their quality system.

The DEA CCR model is applied to identify efficiency scores of the quality system by taking the most efficient industry as a benchmark for the rest of the organizations. The improvements in efficiency scores of the selected industries are presented as findings in this research paper. The conclusions are made as the Lean- Kaizen using DEA is found to be an effective approach to improve the quality system of fastener industries.

This study will be beneficial for researchers, practitioners and academicians for tackling the inefficiencies in the organization. Full Text Available In the times when the economic performance and sustainable management are representing two of the most challenging characteristics of the business environment, there are some methods and techniques that passed the test of time. Their results are impressive, few companies reaching to the international benchmark level in their fields of activity and becoming leaders of the Romanian or European markets.

Therefore, the Kaizen Award in Romania has become the proper way of acknowledging their results and efforts to strive for excellence in the endless cycle of the continuous improvement. The use of these best practices will underline once again some important business characteristics that must exist in every company, for it to become and remain competitive.

Kaizen is a Japanese management concept that means gradual, ongoing improvement involving everyone from top management to production workers. This concept is starting to appear in American companies, and it requires the personnel department to do a much more thorough assessment of job applicants, testing for leadership skills, interpersonal…. The instrument used in this research was questionnaire and then it distributed to all production employees people at PT Fumakilla Indonesia, Banjarmasin Unit based on a sample census.

The variable measured by using Likert Scale from 1 to 5. CHIKYU has a large capability to produce a wide variety of data, core measurement data, logging data, mud logging data, cuttings data and monitoring data in boreholes, etc.

Also CDEX conducts site survey for safety drilling and publication before and after cruises. It is critical that these diverse data be managed using a unified, coherent method, and that they be organized and provided to users in an intuitive, clearly understandable way that reflects the aims and underlying philosophies of the IODP and JAMSTEC.

It is crucial that these data are accessible to users through an integrated interface in which all data formats, management tools, and procedures are standardized. Meeting these goals will assure total usability for scientists, administrators, and the public, from data creation to uploading and cataloging, to end use and publication.

The functions that support onboard and real time data input operations have also been strengthened. A variety of data visualization and visual core description functions have been added, and data loading from those applications has been automated, making the system as a whole both powerful and easy to use.

Nesse contexto, surgem novos instrumentos para o controle gerencial. Palavras-Chave: Custo-Meta. Custo Kaizen. Gemba kaizen adalah budaya Jepang untuk melakukan perbaikan dan peningkatan secara terus atau berkesinambungan di tempat kerja.

Budaya Jepang ini diterapkan oleh kebanyakan Perusahaan Jepang di dunia. ISO sebagai sistem manajemen kualitas yang dikeluarkan oleh badan Dunia IOS International Organization for Standardization juga menekankan kepada organisasi mulai dari manajemen puncak sampai ke level bawah untuk melakukan peningkatan berkesinambungan Driving student-centred calculus: results of a comprehensive case study for Kaizen learning in the Sultanate of Oman.

The art of teaching freshmen students is undergoing a rapid paradigm change. Classical forms of teaching are not applicable any more and an unmanageable offer of new multimedia tools and concepts is glutting the market. Moreover, compared to previous courses, the class size triples.

In view of these challenges, we implemented a new teaching concept best described as Kaizen learning. By Kaizen learning, we define a teaching philosophy that is based on a concise mix of short learning units with feedback loops and tests and of carefully chosen repetitions also with feedback loops and tests to calibrate a course for the students.

Here, this intensive blended, student-centred learning paradigm is analysed together with its direct impact on the students' performance. This case study leads to easy-to-implement key drivers for successfully teaching science in Oman, such as 1 human-human interaction, 2 clearly communicated expectations, 3 avoidance of a short-term learning attitude, 4 a no-calculator policy, 5 continuous Kaizen learning, and 6 balanced combination of traditional teaching and e-learning.

Full Text Available Kaizen is a Japanese word which is today used as an international mark for quality management. International transfer of kaizen : an empirical study of Japanese manufacturers in the Netherlands.

In the past few decades, a number of studies have been published that have identified specific Japanese approaches to management as being superior to other types of approaches e.

Toyota Production System. Recently, one of the specific issues that received attention is the concept of kaizen. The upper layer is a warm and saturated cross- mountain easterly or southeasterly onshore flow. The lower layer is a cold mountain -parallel northerly jet trapped on the windward eastern side of the mountain.

The interface between the two layers represents a coastal front-a sloping inversion layer coupling the trapped cold dome with the warm onshore flow above through pressure continuity. An analytical expression is obtained for the inviscid upper-layer flow with hydrostatic and moist adiabatic approximations. Blackadar's PBL parameterization of eddy viscosity is used in the lower-layer equations. Solutions for the mountain -parallel jet and its associated secondary transverse circulation are obtained by expanding asymptotically upon a small parameter proportional to the square root of the inertial aspect ratio-the ratio between the mountain height and the radius of inertial oscillation.

The geometric shape of the sloping interface is solved numerically from a differential-integral equation derived from the pressure continuity condition imposed at the interface. The observed flow structures and force balances of cold air damming events are produced qualitatively by the model. In the cold dome the mountain -parallel jet is controlled by the competition between the mountain -parallel pressure gradient and friction: the jet is stronger with smoother surfaces, higher mountains , and faster mountain -normal geostrophic winds.

In the mountain -normal direction the vertically averaged force balance in the cold dome is nearly geostrophic and controls the geometric shape of the cold dome. The basic mountain -normal pressure gradient generated in the cold dome by the negative buoyancy distribution tends to flatten the sloping interface and expand the cold dome upstream against the mountain -normal pressure gradient produced by the upper-layer onshore wind and Coriolis force induced.

What are check dams made for? An historical perspective from the French experience. The mitigation of torrent related hazards is an important issue in mountainous regions. Structural mitigation measures have been implemented on hill slopes and in streambeds for more than years in all Europe. Check dams play a key role in these mitigation plans and can have highly variable functions horizontal and vertical stabilization of streambeds, consolidation of hillslopes' toe, retention of sediments, modulations of high solid discharges, lowering of streambed slope, etc.

Thousands of structures had been built more than a century ago. Since their construction, land uses evolved, torrent control works, associated with reforestation, curtailed a part of the sediment production.

According to field experience, defining the initial and current functions of some old structures can remain challenging in some cases. To better understand for which purposes thousands of these structures were built during the 19th and 20th centuries , we analyzed old books to determine: what was the history of the comprehension of the processes involved in torrent related hazards?

The presentation does not aim to determine who, the first, addressed any scientific question: equivalent history and scientific works took place in all regions of the world at different time and the French were not the first to build check dams and to undertook watershed scale mitigation plans.

But the French example is interesting because the torrent control works were planned in mountainous regions at the country scale the Alps, the Pyrenees and the Massif Central. Initial plans were to reforest mountains , relying on civil engineering works if needed. Their implementation , through the French Mountain Lands' reforestation and grass seeding laws of and , proved to be difficult for.

Computational hydraulics of a cascade of experimental-scale landside dam failures. Abstract: Landslide dams typically comprise unconsolidated and poorly sorted material, and are vulnerable to rapid failure and breaching, particularly in mountainous areas during high intense rainfalls.

A large flash flood with high -concentrated sediment can be formed in a short period, and the magnitude is likely to be amplified along the flow direction due to the inclusion of a large amount of sediment. This can result in significant and sudden flood risk downstream for human life and property.

Numerous field evidence has indicated the various risks of landslide dam failures. In general, cascading landslide dams can be formed along the sloping channel due to the randomness and unpredictability of landslides, which complexes the hydraulics of landslide dam failures.

The failure process of a single dam and subsequent floods has attracted attention in multidisciplinary studies. However, the dynamic failure process of cascading landslide dams has been poorly understood. From a viewpoint of simulation, this study evaluates the formation and development of rapid sediment-charged floods due to cascading failure of landslide dams through detailed hydro-morphodynamic modelling. The model used is based on shallow water theory and it has been successful in predicting the flow and morphological process during sudden dam -break, as well as full and partial dyke-breach.

Various experimental-scale scenarios are modelled, including: 1 failure of a single full dam in a sloping channel, 2 failure of two dams in a sloping channel, 3 failure of multiple landslide dams four in a sloping channel. The study systematically explores the tempo-spatial evolution of landslide-induced floods discharge, flow velocity, and flow concentration and geomorphic properties along the sloping channel.

The effects of in-channel erosion and flow-driven sediment from dams on. Erosion dynamics in semi-arid environments is defined by high magnitude, low frequency rainfalls that produce runoff with high sediment concentration.

Check dams were shown to be an effective sedimentation mitigation technique on small watersheds. Constructed of rocks, or other materials placed across the flow and anchored into the bottom and sides of the channel, these barriers produce upstream and downstream effects. By impounding runoff they reduce flow velocity, increase infiltration and allow sediment settling thus decreasing channel slope. Decreased sediment load downstream of the dam may result in accelerated channel scouring.

While the effect of check dams on channel stability has been studied extensively their impact on overall watershed sediment balance is not well known. In a total of 37 loose rock semi permeable check dams were installed on two small 4. Each watershed was equipped with high resolution weighing type rain gauge a supercritical flow flume and sediment sampler.

Hyetographs, hydrographs, and sediment load data for the watersheds were collected since The erosion dynamics and flow characteristics following the check dam installation were compared with historical records. The volume of the sediment retained upstream of each dam was calculated through survey. Maximum min intensity I30 was overall best predictor variable for total runoff.

After check dam installation the number ratio of runoff to rainfall events has been reduced by half. However, runoff peak rates were not significantly effected. The stated purpose of this volume is the development and evaluation of operating policies for the Aswan High Dam and their relation to the development of water resources policy in Egypt.

That objective is admirably fulfilled through discussions of water use in Egypt and the operation objectives of the High Dam , the behavior of the physical system and simulation of the reservoir, a realtime management model of the dam , management of water shortages and trade-offs between major uses, and coordinated operation of the dam with new upstream as well as downstream developments.

The High Dam has been a source of controversy, particularly with regard to its environmental impacts. Its adverse effects include changes in the water table and attendant salt buildup in irrigated areas, excessive growth of aquatic plants below the dam , shoreline erosion, and increases in water-borne diseases such as schistosomiasis bilharzia. The dam was intended to offset rapid population growth by increasing food supplies through the transformation of irrigated land in southern Egypt from seasonal to perennial cultivation and by providing water for the reclamation of desert land.

Unfortunately, such benefits have been outstripped by the rapidly growing population, and water shortages will be experienced by the end of the century. The U. Geological Survey is charged with monitoring the water and mineral resources of the United States. Beginning in , the Survey established a network of water gaging stations across most of the country's rivers; some also measured sediment content of the water.

Consequently, we now have valuable long-term data with which to track water supply, sediment transport, and the occurrence of floods. Many variables affect the flow of water from mountain brook to river delta. Some are short-term perturbations like summer thunderstorms. Others occur over a longer period of time, like the El Ninos that might be separated by a decade or more. We think of these variables as natural occurrences, but humans have exerted some of the most important changes -- water withdrawals for agriculture, inter-basin transfers, and especially the construction of an extensive system of dams.

Dams have altered the flow of many of the Nation's rivers to meet societal needs. We expect floods to be contained. Irrigation is possible where deserts once existed. And water is released downstream not according to natural cycles but as dictated by a region's hour-by-hour needs for water or electricity.

As a result, river channels below dams have changed dramatically. Depending on annual flow, flood peaks, and a river's sediment load, we might see changes such as sand building up in one channel, vegetation crowding into another, and extensive bank erosion in another. This Circular explores the emerging scientific arena of change in rivers below dams. This science tries first to understand and then anticipate changes to river beds and banks, and to riparian habitats and animal communities.

To some degree, these downstream changes can be influenced by specific strategies of dam management. Scientists and resource managers have a duty to assemble this information and present it without bias to the rest of society. Society can then more intelligently choose a balance between the benefits and adverse. Statistically, the trajectory type energy dissipation is the most widely used in the built high arch dams , and the water plunge poor were always set downstream the dam body.

However, the widely used protected plunge poor need large investment with the disadvantage of complicated operation and maintenance.

Along with the construction of concrete high arch dam in the Southwest China, the river overburden and water cushion were deep in dam site, which is becoming a new characteristic of these hydro-projects. The Tibetan Plateau is the source or headwater of many major river systems, which provide water resources to more than a billion people downstream. The impact of climate change on the Tibetan Plateau physical processes, including mountain glacier wastage, permafrost active layer thickening, the timing and the quantity of the perennial snowpack melt affecting upstream catchments, river runoffs, land-use, have significant effects on downstream water resources.

Exact quantification of the Asian High Mountain glacier wastage or its mass balance on how much of the melt water contributes to early 21st century global sea-level rise, remain illusive or the published results are arguably controversial. The recent observed significant increase of freshwater storage within the Tibetan Plateaus remains a limitation to exactly quantify mountain glacier wastage. Here, we provide an updated estimate of Asia high mountain glacier mass balance using satellite geodetic observations during the last decade, accounting for the hydrologic and other processes, and validated against available in situ mass balance data.

Human impacts to mountain streams. Mountain streams are here defined as channel networks within mountainous regions of the world. This definition encompasses tremendous diversity of physical and biological conditions, as well as history of land use. Human effects on mountain streams may result from activities undertaken within the stream channel that directly alter channel geometry, the dynamics of water and sediment movement, contaminants in the stream, or aquatic and riparian communities.

Examples include channelization, construction of grade-control structures or check dams , removal of beavers, and placer mining. Human effects can also result from activities within the watershed that indirectly affect streams by altering the movement of water, sediment, and contaminants into the channel.

Deforestation, cropping, grazing, land drainage, and urbanization are among the land uses that indirectly alter stream processes.

An overview of the relative intensity of human impacts to mountain streams is provided by a table summarizing human effects on each of the major mountainous regions with respect to five categories: flow regulation, biotic integrity, water pollution, channel alteration, and land use. This table indicates that very few mountains have streams not at least moderately affected by land use.

The least affected mountainous regions are those at very high or very low latitudes, although our scientific ignorance of conditions in low-latitude mountains in particular means that streams in these mountains might be more altered than is widely recognized. Four case studies from northern Sweden arctic region , Colorado Front Range semiarid temperate region , Swiss Alps humid temperate region , and Papua New Guinea humid tropics are also used to explore in detail the history and effects on rivers of human activities in mountainous regions.

Hydrological impact of high -density small dams in a humid catchment, Southeast China. The Jiulong River basin is a humid catchment with a drainage area of 14, km2; however, it has over hydropower stations within it.

Such catchment with high -density small dams is scarce in China. Yet few is known about the impact of high -density small dams on streamflow changes.

To what extent the large number of dams alters the hydrologic patterns is a fundamental scientific issue for water resources management, flood control, and aquatic ecological environment protection. Firstly, trend and change point analyses are applied to determine the characteristics of inter-annual streamflow.

Then, a geomorphology-based hydrological model GBHM and the fixing-changing method are adopted to evaluate the relative contributions of climate variations and damming to the changes in streamflow at each temporal scale i. Based on the simulated natural streamflow, the impact of dam construction on hydrologic alteration and aquatic ecological environment will be evaluated.

The hydrologic signatures that will be investigated include flood peak, seasonality of streamflow, and the inter-annual variability of streamflow.

In particular, the impacts of damming on aquatic ecological environment will be investigated using eco-flow metrics and indicators of hydrologic alteration IHA which contains 33 individual streamflow statistics that are closely related to aquatic ecosystem. The results of this study expect to provide a reference for reservoir operation considering both ecological and economic benefits of such operations in the catchment with high -density dams. We describe a multipart study to quantify the potential ground-shaking hazard to Joes Valley Dam , a m- high earthfill dam , posed by mining-induced seismicity MIS from future underground coal mining, which could approach as close as???

A station local seismic network 11 stations above ground, one below, combining eight triaxial accelerometers and varied velocity sensors was operated in the Trail Mountain area from late through mid for the dual purpose of 1 continuously monitoring and locating MIS associated with longwall mining at a depth of 0.

Ground-motion attenuation relationships and moment-tensor results are reported in companion articles. Utilizing a data set of earthquakes M??? The MIS was highly correlated with mining activity both in space and time. Most of the better-located events have depths constrained within??

We assess a probable maximum magnitude of M 3. Thermal effects of dams in the Willamette River basin, Oregon. Without- dam temperatures also tended to have more daily variation than with- dam temperatures. Annual maximum temperatures for Group A ranged from 15 to 20 degree s C, expressed as the 7-day average of the daily maximum 7dADM , whereas annual maximum 7dADM temperatures for Group B ranged from 21 to 25 degrees C. Because summertime stream temperature is at least somewhat dependent on the upstream water source, it was important when estimating without- dam temperatures to use correlations to sites with similar upstream characteristics.

For that reason, it also is important to maintain long-term, year-round temperature measurement stations at representative sites in each of the Willamette River basin's physiographic regions. Streamflow and temperature estimates downstream of the major dam sites and throughout the Willamette River were generated using existing CE-QUAL-W2 flow and temperature models.

These models, originally developed for the Willamette River water-temperature Total Maximum Daily Load process, required only a few modifications to allow them to run under the greatly reduced without- dam flow conditions. Model scenarios both with and without upstream dams were run. Results showed that Willamette River streamflow without upstream dams was reduced to levels much closer to historical pre- dam conditions, with annual minimum streamflows approximately one-half or less of dam -augmented levels.

Thermal effects of the dams varied according to the time of year, from cooling in mid-summer to warm. Flow directionality, mountain barriers and functional traits determine diatom metacommunity structuring of high mountain streams.

Stream metacommunities are structured by a combination of local environmental filtering and regional dispersal processes. The unique characters of high mountain streams could potentially determine metacommunity structuring, which is currently poorly understood. Aiming at understanding how these characters influenced metacommunity structuring, we explored the relative importance of local environmental conditions and various dispersal processes, including through geographical overland , topographical across mountain barriers and network along flow direction pathways in shaping benthic diatom communities.

From a trait perspective, diatoms were categorized into high -profile, low-profile and motile guild to examine the roles of functional traits. Our results indicated that both environmental filtering and dispersal processes influenced metacommunity structuring, with dispersal contributing more than environmental processes.

Among the three pathways, stream corridors were primary pathway. Deconstructive analysis suggested different responses to environmental and spatial factors for each of three ecological guilds. However, regardless of traits, dispersal among streams was limited by mountain barriers, while dispersal along stream was promoted by rushing flow in high mountain stream. Our results highlighted that directional processes had prevailing effects on metacommunity structuring in high mountain streams.

Flow directionality, mountain barriers and ecological guilds contributed to a better understanding of the roles that mountains played in structuring metacommunity. National Dam Safety Program. Numerical modelling of glacial lake outburst floods using physically based dam -breach models. Westoby, M. The instability of moraine- dammed proglacial lakes creates the potential for catastrophic glacial lake outburst floods GLOFs in high-mountain regions.

In this research, we use a unique combination of numerical dam -breach and two-dimensional hydrodynamic modelling, employed within a generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation GLUE framework, to quantify predictive uncertainty in model outputs associated with a reconstruction of the Dig Tsho failure in Nepal. Monte Carlo analysis was used to sample the model parameter space, and morphological descriptors of the moraine breach were used to evaluate model performance. Multiple breach scenarios were produced by differing parameter ensembles associated with a range of breach initiation mechanisms, including overtopping waves and mechanical failure of the dam face.

The material roughness coefficient was found to exert a dominant influence over model performance. The downstream routing of scenario-specific breach hydrographs revealed significant differences in the timing and extent of inundation. A GLUE-based methodology for constructing probabilistic maps of inundation extent, flow depth, and hazard is presented and provides a useful tool for communicating uncertainty in GLOF hazard assessment.